April 8, 2018

Varicose Veins

Varicose veins are bumpy, purple, become enlarged & protrude outwards on the skin, seen due to the incompetency of valves present in the veins.

Varicose veins can make legs feel heavy and skin tight or itchy. After sitting or standing for a long period the symptoms get worse. It may sometimes cause pain or cramps in the calf muscles at night too.

Varicose veins is not very painful often but is mostly a cosmetic concern for people suffering from it.                                                The muscles of the legs squeeze the deeper leg veins which carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart, thus pushes the blood upwards against the force of gravity. The valves help in prevent downward flow of blood, and their incompetency leads to blood build up in the veins & because of deoxygenated blood, they look bluish -purple protrusions.

 

Causes

Most of the time varicose veins are familial.

Pregnancy can cause varicose veins in women due to hormone related changes & weight gain. Obesity can leads to increase pressure in the legs & veins which may cause varicose veins.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Complications 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

One can see complications due to varicose veins rarely.

  • Skin ulcers or open sores
  • Major swelling in the leg
  • Reddened veins that feel warm and are painful
  • Bleeding from or near varicose veins

 

Treatments

Compression stockings is the conservative way to control varicose veins.     

 

following are the methods to treat varicose veins surgically.

  • Vein stripping:
  • Phlebectomy:
  • Radiofrequency ablation:
  • Endovenous laser ablation:
  • Transilluminated powered phlebectomy
  • Sclerotherapy

Avoid standing in the same position for a long time. Elevate legs while sleeping. Avoid warm environment. Exercise daily helps in increase blood circulation and losing weight, avoid pressure off from the legs.

 

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Ichthyosis (ick-thee-OH-sis) is a skin disease that causes extremely dry, thick, and scaly skin resembles fish scales.

These are a heterogeneous group of disorders with both inherited and acquired forms. these are the types
Ichthyosis Vulgaris- Most common type of icthyosis Lamellar Ichthyosis- Lamellar ichthyosis is characterized by dark, plate (armor)-like scale. Epidermolytic Hyperkeratosis- characterized by generalized redness and fine white scale Congenital Ichthyosiform Erythroderma- newborn infant with ichthyosis who presented at birth with collodion baby appearance. X-linked Ichthyosis- due to a defect in the enzyme steroid sulfatase, affects males with generalized scaling that usually begins soon after birth.

Ichthyosis Treatment

Several hours each day may need to be devoted the skin if ichthyosis is present in an individual. Daily, a person will need to take a shower or a bath. The skin should be exfoliated on a daily basis, and moisturised well. Moisturising ointments or creams may need to be prescribed by a dermatologist for the individual. Oral retinoids can be prescribed to reduce scaling. If a secondary infection occurs on the skin, oral antibiotics will need to be prescribed. Tips that will help keep the skin looking and feeling its best include applying a good quality lotion within 3 minutes of bathing. Apply to wet skin to keep moisture trapped into the skin. Products that contain lactic acid, alpha hydroxy acids and urea will help to keep skin not only moisturised but also exfoliated. Rubbing a wet pumice stone over crusty scales on the skin can help to remove them. Should there be scales on the scalp, brushing wet hair gently will aid in removing the scales.  

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