April 8, 2018

Eczema

Eczema

 

It is a chronic inflammatory condition  in which skin becomes red, thickened, very itchy, dry, cracked, sometimes weepy & friable blisters also develops mainly seen in children. This is an noninfectious condition but acute flare up can really affects the quality of life.

The disease becomes worst when secondarily affects by bacteria, mainly Staphylococcal, Herpes virus, but the main concern is intense itching which is sometimes uncontrollable. However, although the exact cause may not be completely clear, there are many things that may exacerbate the condition. Temperature, Dust, Smoke, wool can aggravate the eczema.         Pollution and increased hygiene also play a role in precipitatin, like children who are exposed to germs at an earlier age get to train their immune system against these irritants.

Treatment

The first line of treatment is to moisturise the skin well. Lipid-replenishing and moisturizing products (emollients) are generously applied to the skin help relieve itching and protect  from germs and irritants.

  • Special soaps, liquid cleansers and shampoos
  • Steroid creams
  • Pimecrolimus and tacrolimus

UV radiation and medications like antihistamines.

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Ichthyosis (ick-thee-OH-sis) is a skin disease that causes extremely dry, thick, and scaly skin resembles fish scales.

These are a heterogeneous group of disorders with both inherited and acquired forms. these are the types
Ichthyosis Vulgaris- Most common type of icthyosis Lamellar Ichthyosis- Lamellar ichthyosis is characterized by dark, plate (armor)-like scale. Epidermolytic Hyperkeratosis- characterized by generalized redness and fine white scale Congenital Ichthyosiform Erythroderma- newborn infant with ichthyosis who presented at birth with collodion baby appearance. X-linked Ichthyosis- due to a defect in the enzyme steroid sulfatase, affects males with generalized scaling that usually begins soon after birth.

Ichthyosis Treatment

Several hours each day may need to be devoted the skin if ichthyosis is present in an individual. Daily, a person will need to take a shower or a bath. The skin should be exfoliated on a daily basis, and moisturised well. Moisturising ointments or creams may need to be prescribed by a dermatologist for the individual. Oral retinoids can be prescribed to reduce scaling. If a secondary infection occurs on the skin, oral antibiotics will need to be prescribed. Tips that will help keep the skin looking and feeling its best include applying a good quality lotion within 3 minutes of bathing. Apply to wet skin to keep moisture trapped into the skin. Products that contain lactic acid, alpha hydroxy acids and urea will help to keep skin not only moisturised but also exfoliated. Rubbing a wet pumice stone over crusty scales on the skin can help to remove them. Should there be scales on the scalp, brushing wet hair gently will aid in removing the scales.  

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