April 8, 2018

Vitiligo

 Vitiligo

 Vitiligo is a skin condition in which the skin completely loses its pigmentation, leaving white patches in the affected areas, affects any of the body part.

Causes

 Its a autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system mistakenly destroys pigmented skin cells of the affected part. It is most of the time is familial but can be aggravated due to some irritants, pressure & trauma.

 Symptoms

Vitiligo symptoms usually appear in late childhood & appear as depigmented to hypo pigmented patches which are absolutely harmless, no pain, itching associated and develop steadily with age.

 Treatments

 Laser treatments. photo therapy ( UVA-UVB)

Oral & medicines can control the disease progression & heals also.

Skin grafting surgery.

Therapeutic Tattooing.

 

 

 

Side Effects

Those who use topical creams for vitiligo should monitor their skin for signs of an allergic reaction that may include itching, redness, or swelling. While skin grafts can be effective, they may also cause pebbling of the skin. Side effects of treating the discolouration with PUVA may include nausea, sunburn, abdominal pain, hyperpigmentation, and severe skin dryness. Any vitiligo treatment should only be used under the guidance of an experienced dermatologist to prevent further skin discoloration.

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Ichthyosis (ick-thee-OH-sis) is a skin disease that causes extremely dry, thick, and scaly skin resembles fish scales.

These are a heterogeneous group of disorders with both inherited and acquired forms. these are the types
Ichthyosis Vulgaris- Most common type of icthyosis Lamellar Ichthyosis- Lamellar ichthyosis is characterized by dark, plate (armor)-like scale. Epidermolytic Hyperkeratosis- characterized by generalized redness and fine white scale Congenital Ichthyosiform Erythroderma- newborn infant with ichthyosis who presented at birth with collodion baby appearance. X-linked Ichthyosis- due to a defect in the enzyme steroid sulfatase, affects males with generalized scaling that usually begins soon after birth.

Ichthyosis Treatment

Several hours each day may need to be devoted the skin if ichthyosis is present in an individual. Daily, a person will need to take a shower or a bath. The skin should be exfoliated on a daily basis, and moisturised well. Moisturising ointments or creams may need to be prescribed by a dermatologist for the individual. Oral retinoids can be prescribed to reduce scaling. If a secondary infection occurs on the skin, oral antibiotics will need to be prescribed. Tips that will help keep the skin looking and feeling its best include applying a good quality lotion within 3 minutes of bathing. Apply to wet skin to keep moisture trapped into the skin. Products that contain lactic acid, alpha hydroxy acids and urea will help to keep skin not only moisturised but also exfoliated. Rubbing a wet pumice stone over crusty scales on the skin can help to remove them. Should there be scales on the scalp, brushing wet hair gently will aid in removing the scales.  

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